IntestinalEnterococcus faeciumColonization Improves Host Defense during Polymicrobial Peritonitis

Intestinal Enterococcus faecium colonization improves host defense during polymicrobial peritonitis.

BACKGROUND Vancomycin-resistant (VR) Enterococcus faecium is increasingly found to colonize and infect hospitalized patients. Enterococci are frequently isolated from polymicrobial infections originating from the intestines. The impact of VR E. faecium on these infections and vice versa is not clear. METHODS Mice were intestinally colonized with VR E. faecium during oral vancomycin treatment;...

Essential involvement of CX3CR1-mediated signals in the bactericidal host defense during septic peritonitis.

Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) caused septic peritonitis in wild-type (WT) mice, with approximately 33% mortality within 7 days after the procedure. Concomitantly, the protein level of intraperitoneal CX3CL1/fractalkine was increased, with infiltration by CX3CR1-expressing macrophages into the peritoneum. CLP induced 75% mortality in CX3CR1-deficient (CX3CR1(-/-)) mice, which, however, exhib...

Differences in innate defense mechanisms in endotoxemia and polymicrobial septic peritonitis.

Loss, reduction, or enhancement of the ability to respond to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has no influence on survival of mice in a model of postoperative polymicrobial septic peritonitis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). This was demonstrated by using either mice with a defective Tlr4 gene, which encodes the critical receptor molecule for LPS responses, or mice deficient for ...

Peritonitis in Endotoxemia and Polymicrobial Septic Differences in Innate Defense Mechanisms

Celecoxib Improves Host Defense through Prostaglandin Inhibition during Histoplasma capsulatum Infection

Prostaglandins act as mediators of inflammation and, similar to cytokines, function as immune modulators during innate and adaptive immune responses. Therefore, using a pharmacological inhibitor, celecoxib, we investigated the role of prostaglandins in host defense against Histoplasma capsulatum infection in C57BL/6 mice. Our results showed that treatment with celecoxib inhibited cyclooxygenase...